Assessing Surface Water Quality for Irrigation Purposes in Some Dams of Asir Region, Saudi Arabia Using Multi-Statistical Modeling Approaches

The dam is a crucial water source for both consumption and irrigation in the Asir region of Kingdom Saudi Arabia. current study evaluates surface quality at examines effects some physicochemical trace metals on using multiple statistical approaches. parameters were measured 27 sites region. Three generated K-mean clustering technique; first group included five sites, second contained 20 third added 2 sites. chemical facies Na-K-SO42−. had low levels Zn (0.19 mg/L), Cd (0.10 mg/L) Pb (0.22 except B (38.50 excessive concentrations Na (2090.65 K (535.72 SO42− (208.11 Cl− (105.96 while pH varied between 6.0 8.5 few EC (electrical conductivity) values within standard purposes. results indices such as magnesium absorption ratio (MAR), hazard (MH), Kelly’s (KR), soluble sodium percentage (SSP) indicate that mostly fit (Na%) adsorption (SAR). index (IWQI) revealed 51.85% samples high suitability class 11.11% moderate suitability, whereas rest use. redundancy analysis (RDA) biplot pH, DO, TH, increased with decreased salt level. generalized linear model (GLM) found negative effect amount Fe, Ni, Se, Al concentrations. recommends proper protective measures, including acceptable criteria different parameters, are required to reduce potential influence agricultural fields.